# G5590 --- ## Gary’s Bible Definition - soul --- ## Root Transliteration (Phonetic Spelling) - psuché (psoo-khay') --- ## Strong's Definition & Usage - Definition - breath, the soul - Usage - (a) the vital breath, breath of life - (b) the human soul - (c) the soul as the seat of affections and will - (d) the self - (e) a human person, an individual --- ## Part of Speech - --- ## BSB Translation - --- ## NASB Translation - life (36), lives (7) - soul (33), souls (14) - persons (3) - heart (2), heartily (1), mind (1), minds (1), person (1), suspense* (1), thing (1) --- ## NASB Word Origin - of uncertain origin --- ## Occurrences - 104 --- ## Occurrences Link - https://biblehub.com/greek/strongs_5590.htm --- ## BibleHub Link - https://biblehub.com/greek/5590.htm --- ## Helps Word Studies - [[G5590]] psyxḗ (from psyxō, "to breathe, blow" which is the root of the English words "psyche," "psychology") – soul (psyche); a person's distinct identity (unique personhood), i.e. individual personality. - [[G5590]] (psyxē) corresponds exactly to the OT [[H5315]] /phágō ("soul"). The soul is the direct aftermath of God breathing (blowing) His gift of life into a person, making them an ensouled being. --- ## Blue Letter Bible - Outline - 1. breath - 1. the breath of life - 1. the vital force which animates the body and shows itself in breathing - 1. of animals - 2. of men - 2. life - 3. that in which there is life - 1. a living being, a living soul - 2. the soul - 1. the seat of the feelings, desires, affections, aversions (our heart, soul etc.) - 2. the (human) soul in so far as it is constituted that by the right use of the aids offered it by God it can attain its highest end and secure eternal blessedness, the soul regarded as a moral being designed for everlasting life - 3. the soul as an essence which differs from the body and is not dissolved by death (distinguished from other parts of the body) --- ## Blue Letter Bible - Strong's Definition - ψυχή psychḗ, psoo-khay'; from [[G5594]]; breath, i.e. (by implication) spirit, abstractly or concretely (the animal sentient principle only; thus distinguished on the one hand from [[G4151]], which is the rational and immortal soul; and on the other from [[G2222]], which is mere vitality, even of plants: these terms thus exactly correspond respectively to the Hebrew [[H5315]], [[H7307]] and [[H2416]]):—heart (+ -ily), life, mind, soul, + us, + you. --- ## Blue Letter Bible - Vines - 1. Doubt (Be In, Make To), Doubtful, Doubting: - lit., "to raise the breath, or to lift the soul," signifies "to hold in suspense," RV of Jhn 10:24 (AV, "make us to doubt"), suggestive of "an objective suspense due to lack of light" (Warfield), through a failure of their expectations, rather than, subjectively, through unbelief. The meaning may thus be, "How long dost Thou raise our expectations without satisfying them?" - 2. Heart, Heartily: - 1. the soul, or life, is rendered "heart" in Eph 6:6 (marg., "soul"), "doing the will of God from the heart." In Col 3:23, a form of the word psuche preceded by ek, from, lit., "from (the) soul," is rendered "heartily." - 2. Notes: - 1. the RV, "heart" is substituted for AV, "bowels," in Col 3:12; Phm 1:7, 12, 20. - 2. In 2Cr 3:3, the RV has "tables" that are hearts of flesh," for AV, "fleshly tables of the heart." - 3. In Eph 1:18, the best mss. have kardia, "(the eyes of your) heart;" some have dianoia, "understanding" (AV). - 4. In Hbr 8:10; 10:16, the AV has "in their hearts" and "into their hearts;" RV, "on their heart." - 5. In Luk 21:26, where there is no word for "hearts" in the original, the RV has "men fainting (for fear)." - 6. In 2Cr 7:2, the verb choreo, to make room for, "receive" (AV), is translated, or rather, interpreted, "open your hearts," RV, marg., "make room for (us)." - 3. Life, Living, Lifetime, Life-Giving: - 1. besides its meanings, "heart, mind, soul," denotes "life" in two chief respects, - 1. "breath of life, the natural life," e.g., Mat 2:20; 6:25; Mar 10:45; Luk 12:22; Act 20:10; Rev 8:9; 12:11 (cp. Lev 17:11; Est 8:11) - 2. "the seat of personality," e.g., Luk 9:24, explained in Luk 9:25 as "own self." See list under SOUL. See also HEART, MIND. - 2. Notes: - 1. "Speaking generally, psuche, is the individual life, the living being, whereas zoe, is the life of that being, cp. Psa 66:9, 'God... which holdeth our soul (psuche) in life (zoe),' and Jhn 10:10, 'I came that they may have life (zoe),' with Jhn 10:11, 'The Good Shepherd layeth down His life (psuche) for the sheep.'" {From Notes on Thessalonians, by Hogg and Vine, p. 325.} - 2. In Rev 13:15, AV, pneuma, "breath," is translated "life" (RV, "breath"). - 3. In 2Cr 1:8, "we despaired even of life," the verb zao, "to live," is used in the infinitive mood, as a noun, and translated "life" (lit., "living"). In Hebrews 2:15 the infinitive mood of the same verb is translated "lifetime." - 4. Soul: - 1. denotes "the breath, the breath of life," then "the soul," in its various meanings. The NT uses "may be analyzed approximately as follows: - 1. the natural life of the body, Mat 2:20; Luk 12:22; Act 20:10; Rev 8:9; 12:11; cp. Lev 17:11; 2Sa 14:7; Est 8:11 - 2. the immaterial, invisible part of man, Mat 10:28; Act 2:27; cp. 1Ki 17:21 - 3. the disembodied (or "unclothed" or "[[Naked]]," [[2_Corinthians_05|2 Corinthians 5.3, 4]]) man, [[Revelation_06|Revelation 6.9]] - 4. the seat of personality, Luk 9:24, explained as == "own self," Luk 9:25; Hbr 6:19; 10:39; cp. Isa 53:10 with 1Ti 2:6 - 5. the seat of the sentient element in man, that by which he perceives, reflects, feels, desires, Mat 11:29; Luk 1:46; 2:35; Act 14:2, 22; cp. Psa 84:2; 139:14; Isa 26:9 - 6. the seat of will and purpose, Mat 22:37; Act 4:32; Eph 6:6; Phl 1:27; Hbr 12:3; cp. Num 21:4; Deu 11:13 - 7. the seat of appetite, Rev 18:14; cp. Psa 107:9; Pro 6:30; Isa 5:14 ("desire"); Isa 29:8 - 8. persons, individuals, Act 2:41, 43; Rom 2:9; Jam 5:20; 1Pe 3:20; 2Pe 2:14; cp. Gen 12:5; 14:21 ("persons"); Lev 4:2 ('any one'); Eze 27:13; of dead bodies, Num 6:6, lit., "dead soul;" and of animals, Lev 24:18, lit., "soul for soul;" - 9. the equivalent of the personal pronoun, used for emphasis and effect: - 1. 1st person, Jhn 10:24 ("us"); Hbr 10:38; cp. Gen 12:13; Num 23:10; Jdg 16:30; Psa 120:2 ("me") - 2. 2nd person, 2Cr 12:15; Hbr 13:17; Jam 1:21; 1Pe 1:9; 2:25; cp. Lev 17:11; 26:15; 1Sa 1:26 - 3. 3rd person, 1Pe 4:19; 2Pe 2:8; cp. Exd 30:12; Job 32:2, Heb. "soul," Sept. "self;" - 10. an animate creature, human or other, 1Cr 15:45; Rev 16:3; cp. Gen 1:24; 2:7, 19 - 11. "the inward man," the seat of the new life, Luk 21:19 (cp. Mat 10:39); 1Pe 2:11; 3Jo 1:2. 2. Notes: 1. "With (j) compare a-psuchos, "soulless, inanimate," 1Cr 14:7. 2. "With (f) compare di-psuchos, "two-souled," Jam 1:8; 4:8; oligo-psuchos, "feeble-souled," 1Th 5:14; iso-psuchos, "like-souled," Phl 2:20; sum-psuchos, "joint-souled" (with one accord"), Phl 2:2. 3. "The language of Hbr 4:12 suggests the extreme difficulty of distinguishing between the soul and the spirit, alike in their nature and in their activities. Generally speaking the spirit is the higher, the soul the lower element. The spirit may be recognized as the life principle bestowed on man by God, the soul as the resulting life constituted in the individual, the body being the material organism animated by soul and spirit.... 4. "Body and soul are the constituents of the man according to Mat 6:25; 10:28; Luk 12:20; Act 20:10; body and spirit according to Luk 8:55; 1Cr 5:3; 7:34; Jam 2:26. In Mat 26:38 the emotions are associated with the soul, in Jhn 13:21 with the spirit; cp. also Psa 42:11 with 1Ki 21:5. In Psa 35:9 the soul rejoices in God, in Luk 1:47 the spirit. 5. "Apparently, then, the relationships may be thus summed up 'Soma, body, and pneuma, spirit, may be separated, pneuma and psuche, soul, can only be distinguished' (Cremer)." {From notes on Thessalonians, by Hogg and Vine, pp. 205-207.} --- ## Transliteration Details - --- ## Date - Initial - 2019.08.24 - Revised - 2023.11.02 --- ## Other Links - [[Bipartite_vs_Tripartite]] ---